The period foregrounded a synthesis of physiological and psychophysiological methods with clinical therapy frameworks, merging lab measures of arousal, hormonal and neural correlates with behavioral data across sexes into standardized treatment and assessment practices. Simultaneously, researchers examined societal, cultural, and gendered dimensions of sexuality, exploring norms, identity formation, and the social sources shaping sexual behavior, while ongoing debates about deviance highlighted tensions between medicalization and social critique. Measurement instruments and construct development matured rapidly, enabling systematic comparisons across studies and contexts. Historical Significance: This era established a hybrid paradigm in which sexuality is analyzed as an interdisciplinary field that integrates biology, clinical science, and social theory, setting the stage for later feminist and critical sexuality discourses and influencing how sexuality is understood in medicine, psychology, and culture.